BREST FEEDING WITH CHICKENPOX/SHINGLES

Breastfeeding is generally encouraged for babies, even if they have been infected with or exposed to VZV (Varicella-Zoster Virus). In fact, breastfeeding can provide several benefits to both the mother and the baby, including boosting the baby's immune system and helping them fight off infections. In the case of VZV, breast milk contains antibodies that can help protect the baby against the virus. These antibodies are produced by the mother's immune system in response to her own exposure to VZV, which can occur either naturally or through vaccination. If a mother has been diagnosed with chickenpox or shingles, she can still breastfeed her baby as long as the rash is not on the breast or nipple area. In cases where the rash is on the breast or nipple, the mother should consult with a healthcare provider to determine if it is safe to breastfeed or if alternative feeding options are necessary. Overall, breastfeeding is a safe and beneficial way to provide nutrition and immune protection to babies, even in cases where they have been infected with or exposed to VZV.

medications causing -PARKINSONISM

http://amcexams.blogspot.com/?spref=gb medications that can cause parkinsonism: Antipsychotics: Antipsychotic medications used to treat mental health conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder can cause parkinsonism. Examples include haloperidol, risperidone, and olanzapine. Antiemetics: Antiemetic medications used to treat nausea and vomiting can cause parkinsonism. Examples include metoclopramide and prochlorperazine. Calcium channel blockers: Calcium channel blockers used to treat high blood pressure and other cardiovascular conditions can cause parkinsonism. Examples include verapamil and nifedipine. Antidepressants: Certain antidepressant medications can cause parkinsonism, particularly tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline and imipramine. Lithium: Lithium is a medication used to treat bipolar disorder and can cause parkinsonism as a side effect. Anticonvulsants: Some anticonvulsant medications used to treat epilepsy can cause parkinsonism, such as phenytoin and valproate. Dopamine receptor antagonists: Medications that block the action of dopamine in the brain can cause parkinsonism. Examples include metoclopramide and domperidone. It's important to note that not everyone who takes these medications will develop parkinsonism, and the risk of developing this condition may depend on factors such as age, dose, and duration of treatment. If you are taking any of these medications and are experiencing symptoms of parkinsonism, you should speak with your healthcare provider.

Prenatal care: It is important to start prenatal care as soon as you find out that you are pregnant. Regular prenatal checkups with a healthcare provider can help ensure that you and your baby are healthy and that any potential problems are detected early. Nutrition: Eating a healthy, balanced diet is important during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester when your baby's major organs are developing. Make sure to eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Avoid foods that are high in fat, sugar, or salt. Vitamins and supplements: Your healthcare provider may recommend that you take prenatal vitamins or other supplements during pregnancy to ensure that you are getting all of the nutrients you need for a healthy pregnancy. Exercise: Moderate exercise during pregnancy is usually safe and can help improve your overall health and wellbeing. Talk to your healthcare provider about what types of exercise are safe for you and your baby. Rest: Getting enough rest is important during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester when your body is working hard to support your growing baby. Aim for 7-8 hours of sleep per night and take naps if you need to. Avoid harmful substances: Avoid smoking, alcohol, and drugs during pregnancy as they can harm your baby's development. Monitor symptoms: If you experience any unusual symptoms during pregnancy, such as bleeding, severe cramping, or a high fever, contact your healthcare provider right away. They can help determine if further evaluation or treatment is needed.

EPILEPSY

http://amcexams.blogspot.com/?spref=gb What is epilepsy? A. A genetic disorder B. A neurological disorder characterized by seizures C. A respiratory disorder D. A gastrointestinal disorder Answer: B. A neurological disorder characterized by seizures. What is a seizure? A. A sudden loss of consciousness B. A sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles C. A sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain D. A sudden, temporary loss of memory Answer: C. A sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain. What is the most common cause of epilepsy? A. Brain injury B. Genetic factors C. Infection D. Unknown Answer: D. Unknown. In many cases, the cause of epilepsy is unknown. What are the different types of seizures? A. Grand mal, petit mal, and focal seizures B. Absence, tonic-clonic, and myoclonic seizures C. Simple partial, complex partial, and generalized seizures D. All of the above Answer: D. All of the above. What is the treatment for epilepsy? A. Surgery B. Medication C. Lifestyle changes D. All of the above Answer: D. All of the above. The treatment for epilepsy depends on the individual and may include surgery, medication, and lifestyle changes.

SUSPECTED MANIA ? SYMPTOMS

SUSPECTED MANIA ? 1. OVERCONFIDENCE 2. IRRITABILITY 3. EXCESSIVE TALKING 4. LESS SLEEP 5. RACING THOUGHTS 6. INCREASED ENERGY LEVEL 7. IMPULSIVE BEHAVIOUR